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Definition

Operating Systems: (OS) The low-level software which handles the interface to peripheral hardware, schedules tasks, allocates storage, and presents a default interface to the user when no application program is running.

A History of UNIX before Berkeley: A detailed overview of Unix people and components, 1975-1984. Main Website: http://www.daemonnews.org/199903/history.html   About the FreeBSD Project: History and overview from the FreeBSD Handbook. Main Website: http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/history.html   Apple Computer Reading List: Includes brief summaries of Apple history books, pictures of book covers, links to reviews, author pages and other Apple history websites. Main Website: http://www.landsnail.com/apple   Bell Labs: Selected Technical Reports: Several classic Unix papers dating back to 1973. Most reports are Gzipped PostScript, some are in PDF. Main Website: http://www.cs.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cstr.html   CSRG Archive CD-ROMs: The full source archives of the University of California at Berkeley's Computer Systems Research Group, for sale on a 4-CD set. Main Website: http://www.mckusick.com/csrg/   History and Timeline: UNIX Past: Historical summary and timeline. Main Website: http://www.unix-systems.org/what_is_unix/history_timeline.html   History of the AmigaOS GUI: Dedicated to the preservation and restoration of the Amiga Workbench's history. Main Website: http://www.gregdonner.org/workbench/   History of Unix, Linux, and Open Source: Historical comparison of Unix and the free software movement. Main Website: http://www.dwheeler.com/secure-programs/Secure-Programs-HOWTO/history.html   Making the Macintosh: An online project documenting the history of the Macintosh computer. Main Website: http://library.stanford.edu/mac/   Microsoft Windows History: Timeline of all versions of windows includes dates including month. Main Website: http://www.computerhope.com/history/windows.htm   Nick Moffitt's $7 History of Unix: History paper detailing the people and places involved in developing Unix. Main Website: http://crackmonkey.org/unix.html   OMU - One Man Unix: Steve Hosgood's work with an early 1980s Unix clone. Includes some utility sources. Main Website: http://rootprompt.org/article.php3?article=335   Operating Systems Through Time (8-bits): A brief history of 8-bit operating systems. Main Website: http://www.armory.com/~spectre/tech.html   Owen Ink: Apple Confidential: Book about Apple history. Author also has links to columns of his, including a historical series from 1998 Main Website: http://www.owenink.com/confidential.html   The Apple Online Museum: Dedicated to the historical background of Apple Computer, Inc. Reviews and specifications of all Apple products. Main Website: http://www.theapplemuseum.com/   The Creation of the UNIX Operating System: Lengthy encyclopedia-quality article from Bell Labs, covering the early days to the present versions. Main Website: http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/   The Evolution of the Unix Time-Sharing System: 1979 conference paper by Dennis Ritchie. "Concentrates on the evolution of the file system, the process-control mechanism, and the idea of pipelined commands. Some attention is paid to social conditions during the development of the system.&quo Main Website: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html   The History of UNIX: Chapter-length article by Ronda Hauben on "how the need to automate telephone support operations in the U.S. in the late 1960s and the early 1970s nourished the birth and development of the UNIX operating system and how academic computer science Main Website: http://www.dei.isep.ipp.pt/docs/unix.html   The Unix Heritage Society: Built to foster the "the preservation and maintenance of historical and non-mainstream UNIX systems." Mailing list and archives. Includes early Unix source code, from 1973 through the 1990s. Main Website: http://www.tuhs.org/   The UNIX Time-Sharing System: Ritchie and Thompson's famous Communications of the ACM paper from 1974. An authoritative and technical overview of the operating system. Main Website: http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/cacm.html   Unix History: A detailed family tree. Main Website: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/   UNIX History Graphing Project: Lists of release dates and dependencies for the various Unix flavors. A graphical representation of the Unix family tree is planned. Main Website: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html   Unix Programmer's Manual, Seventh Edition: Archives at Bell Labs of the 1979 manual. Troff source and formatted Gzipped PostScript/PDF versions. Main Website: http://cm.bell-labs.com/7thEdMan/   Windows History: Includes pictures of windows boxes and screenshots of early versions and later versions and text surrounding the pictures giving information on each version. Main Website: http://members.fortunecity.com/pcmuseum/windows.htm

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